In 1889, Shropshire County Council was created and took responsibility for education, roads and other centralised services. In 1967, Ludlow lost its borough status, with most of its powers and functions passing to Ludlow Rural District Council, based at Stone House in Corve Street, Ludlow. In 1974 the structure was amended to include the three tiers of Ludlow Town Council, South Shropshire District Council and Shropshire County Council. The Town Council having the same status as a parish council, except that it can elect a Mayor, as the first citizen of Ludlow. In 2009 further amendments to the local government structure saw the amalgamation of the counties District Councils,  Borough Councils and Shropshire County Council to form Shropshire Council, a unitary authority based in Shrewsbury.

The town was incorporated at an early period in its history and from 6th July 1189 to 7th December 1461, it was governed by twelve Aldermen (the "chosen Twelve") and twenty-five Burgesses. By a Charter conferred by King Edward IV, dated 7th December 1461, the interests of the inhabitants were transferred to two Bailiffs, Burgesses and Commonalty "to have perpetual succession and a Common Seal". At later dates Charters were also granted by Richard III, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary, Elizabeth I, James I, Charles I, Charles II, William III and Mary. With the passing of the Municipal Corporations Act the government of the town was vested in a Mayor, Alderman and twelve Councillors.

 The Ludlow Borough Corporation which consisted of 12 Aldermen and 25 Councillors, which were self elected. The Corporation was formally established in 1461 when Ludlow was incorporated as a Borough, it is of interest to note that the town is also vested with a 'Commission of the Peace'. A peculiar custom that was still observed until at least the 1950s is the attendance of the Mayor and Corporation and the Mace Bearers with their Maces at the Parish Church each Sunday morning. These Maces together with the Mayor's Chain and Badge of silver gilt, and a number of town seals covering the period 1461 to 1836, constitute the Municipal insignia.

The model is from the original cast bronze national memorial to the South Australian soldiers who fought in the South African War unveiled in Adelaide, Australia in June 1904 be the Governor Sir George Le Hunte. The artist Captain Adrian Jones presented the model (a vigorous and artistic representation of a mounted Australian trooper on the summit of a rocky kopje) to Ludlow (his native town) the Mayor, Henry Lloyd Esq. gratefully accepted it on behalf of the Burgesses. The model was removed from the Town Hall during it demolition by South Shropshire District Council in 1986, at some point it was damaged with only the horses head being salvageable. Since then the head was housed at the War Memorial Trust, until it was returned to the town and restored and is now on display at Ludlow College's Palmers Hall.

Ludlow's bad luck, the Market Hall of 1887 by Harry A Cheers of Twickenham. ‘There is nothing that could be said in favour of its fiery brick or useless Elizabethan detail’.                      The Victorian town hall, built to commemorate Queen Victoria’s Golden Jubilee in 1897, and the successor to a previous similar building on the same site. Henry Cheers later designed the City Hall in Hereford. Vilified by many, including Pevsner, it was demolished with unseemly haste in 1986 for structural reasons. The open space allows Castle Square to be appreciated in a way not seen since the Middle Ages.

The Hall Of the Palmer Guild, built in the C15 and given its exceedingly pretty Gothic doorcase in 1768 (triple shafts with shaft-rings, frieze with quatrefoils - all a classical conception turned Gothic). The hall Itself has its original C15 roof with cusped slanting queen-posts.The Guildhall was the headquarters of the Palmers’ Guild, where they had meetings and feasts, such as the Pentecost feast, where expense accounts show huge quantities of wine consumed. It was taken over by the Corporation in 1551 and until very recently was still used as a courtroom. The original building has been dated by dendrochronology to 1411 and was an aisled hall (like a church) with a timber arcade. This is very rare in the west of the country. In Hereford, the Bishop’s Palace is an early example. In 1768, it was remodelled by Pritchard in the Gothic style and including its main doorway. The original 18th century furnishings survive in their entirety.

No one can now be certain of how the original cross looked but it may have resemble those still existing in Cheddar, Malmesbury and Chichester, these crosses were covered over with a roof but open on the sides, providing some shelter for stall holders.

Records show that considerable repairs were carried out on the cross in 1529 and 1643 but by 1743 the Corporation had decided to remove the old cross and erect a new purpose built structure. This had to be done, in accordance with a Corporation order, 'on or near the place where the Old Cross now stands'.

The current Buttercross was designed by William Baker for just over £1,000 in 1743 and took the next 3 years to build. The upper floor's two rooms were designed to be the Town Clerk's office and the Corporation's meeting room. Though the rooms were rarely used for their original purpose and the Town Clerk later moved into the Market Hall..

Clock bell from St Leonard's Chapel, Corve Street

The Buttercross faces down Broad Street and was built in 1743 – 46 to replace the 16th century New House, where the Corporation held its meetings. It was originally the site of the High Cross, which was the official centre of the town. The building was designed by William Baker of Audlem. The upper rooms have been used variously as a boys’ charity school and the Ludlow Museum.

 One of the earliest users of the Buttercross was the Blue Coat Charity School who moved from the Guildhall in 1785 and remained in the Buttercross until they moved to the Bishop Mascall Centre in 1855. In the following years the Buttercross housed several other organisations including the Boy's National School and a men's club, until 1955 when Ludlow Museum opened in the upper rooms. The museum operated from the Buttercross until 1993 when it was moved to the ground floor of the Ludlow Assembly Rooms building. In August 2016 Ludlow Museum returned to the Buttercross under the management of Ludlow Town Council. During the late 19th and early 20th century the Buttercross also housed the town's fire station on the ground floor to the left hand side of the building. Also since it was built the open market area to the right side of the building has been used by regular market traders and this continues to this day.

The memorial was commissioned by the local Royal British Legion branch. Sculptor Walenty Pytel (1941), Polish-born contemporary artist based in the United Kingdom, recognised as a leading metal sculptor. A stylised cross with squat upper arms, symbolising suffering, and reconciliation, with a sword and wreath carved in relief at its centre. At the top are two doves taking flight. Below them, on a small, elongated platform formed by the tail feathers of one of the birds, is sculpture of a pigeon nesting. Dedicatory inscription on a plaque lower down the shaft of the cross concludes, "at the end of a millennium of conflict, looks forward to a millennium of peace on two sides around the base are set slate slabs bearing the names of deaths during WW1, WW11 and Korean Wars.